The Family Chamaeleontidae comprises chameleons, a distinctive group of primarily arboreal lizards found mainly in Africa, Madagascar, and parts of southern Europe and Asia. Chameleons are famous for their ability to change skin color, which they use for communication, camouflage, and thermoregulation. They have zygodactylous feet and prehensile tails adapted for climbing, as well as highly specialized, projectile tongues for catching insects. Most species are insectivorous, though some may eat plant matter. Chameleons exhibit independent eye movement, excellent binocular vision, and often show complex mating and territorial behaviors, making them one of the most unique and fascinating lizard families.